Niba injangwe ari abamarayika baremwe n'Imana kubantu, noneho imyanda y'injangwe ishobora kuba ari igihangano cyatangaje kuva Pangu yafungura isi nihindagurika ryabantu.
01 Inkomoko y’imyanda
Ubu injangwe ziba munsi y’inzu imwe n’abantu, ariko mbere yikinyejana cya 20, abantu ninjangwe bari mu "mubano" gusa ntibamujyana mu nzu.
Imwe mumpamvu zikomeye nuko injangwe zifite EMM zidasobanutse kwisi ... Kwirengagiza, ndizera ko abayobozi bose b'amasuka bagomba kumva neza.Injangwe ni inyamanswa zera, kandi abakurambere babo babaga mu butayu bwa Afurika, bwumye cyane, ku buryo byabaye ngombwa ko bafunga amazi mu mibiri yabo bishoboka.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, basohora inkari nyinshi cyane, mugihe umwanda wa feline uhindurwe, utuzuye neza proteine nyinshi ziryoha cyane kandi zidashimishije.Ariko injangwe zikunda isuku kandi "zifite ubumenyi bwerekeye ikinyabupfura", bazahitamo ahantu hihishe "kujya mu musarani" hanyuma bashyingure imyanda yabo mu mucanga.Ariko nubwo injangwe ari injangwe nziza zikunda isuku, umucanga urahumanye cyane, bigatuma bidashoboka ko abantu bahindura injangwe mubitungwa murwego runini.
Mu 1947 ni bwo havutse imyanda y'injangwe, kandi gahunda yo kubana n'abantu-injangwe yafashe intera nziza.Hari ku munsi umwe muri Mutarama 1947, kandi hari hakonje cyane ku buryo umuhanda wari wuzuye.Madamu Kay Dressa ararira murugo, nta mucanga ucukura hanze, kandi injangwe yumuryango yabaye ikibazo cyo kujya mu musarani.Amaherezo, yakomanze ku rugi rw'umuturanyi we Ed Roy kugira ngo amufashe.
Ed Roy ayobora uruganda rutanga umucanga n'ibiti, kandi Kay ashaka ko atumiza umucanga umusarani.Ed yatanze cyane amuha ibumba risanzwe hamwe na adsorption nziza cyane.Kai yemeye yishimye, ingaruka zabaye nziza bitangaje, iri bumba rifite amazi runaka, rishobora gukuramo inkari z'injangwe.Igitangaje kurushaho ni uko ishobora gupfuka umunuko w'injangwe ku rugero runaka.Kuva icyo gihe, imyanda y'injangwe yavutse kandi ihita ikwira isi yose.
02 Ivuka ryimyanda ya bentonite
Nubwo umwanda wibumba wumwimerere wibumba ukurura amazi, urafatanye rwose kandi ugomba kujugunywa mumasafuriya yose mugihe uhinduye umucanga.
Mu ntangiriro ya za 1980, ni bwo umuhanga mu binyabuzima witwa Thomas Aelson yavumbuye ubwoko bushya bw’ibumba, bentonite, bwari bwiza mu gufata amazi na agglomerate, bigatuma abantu bajugunya ibibyimba igihe cyose basukuye.
Kuva icyo gihe, abantu birukanka biruka mu nzira yo guhimba imyanda mishya.Kurugero, nubwo imyanda yinjangwe ya bentonite yoroshye, abantu bahise babaza kuberako bavuga ko ari umukungugu kandi byangiza isuku yibidukikije murugo.Nyuma yaho, abantu baremye urukurikirane rwimyanda mishya: nka tofu injangwe ya tofu, injangwe ya kirisiti, imyanda ya pine, imyanda y ibigori, imyanda y ingano, nibindi.
Mubyukuri, imyanda ya bentonite yanduye yinjangwe zose, ibirenge byunvikana hafi yumwimerere wambere, injangwe zifite imyanda ya bentonite, kimwe no gusubira muri kamere.Kubwibyo, ntibarwanya rwose imyanda ya bentonite.Ariko kugeza magingo aya, abayobozi benshi b'amasuka kuri label ya bentonite yanduye ni "umukungugu", mubyukuri, hamwe niterambere rihoraho hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga ry’imyanda y’injangwe, imyanda y’injangwe ya bentonite yo mu rwego rwo hejuru yashoboye kugabanya umuvuduko w’umukungugu kugeza cyane. urwego rwo hasi, hafi yumukungugu.
03 Gutondekanya imyanda ya bentonite
Bentonite igabanijwemo calcium ishingiye kuri bentonite na sodium ishingiye kuri bentonite.Nyamara, gukomera, adsorption no gupfunyika bentonite ishingiye kuri calcium ni bibi cyane kuruta ibya bentonite ya sodium, kandi ibyinshi mu bikoresho fatizo by’imyanda yo mu bwoko bwa bentonite yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku isoko ni bentonite ishingiye kuri sodium.04Isoko ryimyanda ya bentonite yo murugo rifatwa nintambara yibiciro.
Ku ruhande rumwe, isoko ryimbere mu gihugu ryiganjemo umucanga wa bentonite, ikoreshwa rya tofu ryiyongera cyane kandi byihuse, kandi nubundi buryo bwisoko bwuzuzanya, intambara yibiciro byinjangwe byababaje cyane inganda zose.Dufashe nk'umusenyi wa bentonite, hari inganda nyinshi zangiza imyanda ya bentonite mu Ntara ya Ningcheng, muri Mongoliya y'imbere, wongeyeho Chaoyang, Jinzhou, Hebei muri Liaoning, inganda nini nini ntoya hafi ya mirongo kandi igera ku magana, igiciro cyamanutse kiva ku 3000 kugeza kuri Yuan 1500 kuri toni, kandi ibigo bitanga umusaruro nta nyungu bifite.Nubwo uruganda rwumucanga rwa tofu rutigeze rukorwaho iperereza ku buryo bwihariye, igiciro cyamanutse kiva ku 9.500 kuri toni kigera ku 5.000, kikaba kiri hafi y’imiterere y’imyanda ya bentonite.Uyu mwaka, kubera iki cyorezo, isoko ry’abakora ubutaka bw’ubutaka hamwe n’abakora ubutaka bwa pelletizing ryaragabanutse, kandi zimwe muri izo nganda zizahinduka imyanda y’injangwe, kandi isoko ryo kwiyongera ku isoko ryiyongereye.Ku rundi ruhande, ukurikije isoko mpuzamahanga, intambara y’ibiciro ku isoko ry’imbere mu Bushinwa yagejejwe ku isoko mpuzamahanga, kandi igiciro cy’isoko mpuzamahanga cyerekanye ko kigabanuka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-20-2022